Critical thinking, practised
Learn to spot wrong thinking
Logical fallacies are flaws in arguments. Cognitive biases are quirks in how we judge. Read how each works, then test yourself.
Three ways in
Learn
Browse and search every fallacy and bias, each with a plain explanation and three examples.
Start reading →Quiz
Ten random examples. Name the fallacy or bias behind each one, then see why.
Take a quiz →Match
A memory game pairing names with examples. Easy, medium, or hard; fallacies, biases, or both.
Play →Good ones to start with
- Logical Fallacy
Straw Man
Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack.
- Logical Fallacy
Slippery Slope
Claiming one small step will inevitably lead to extreme consequences.
- Logical Fallacy
Ad Hominem
"To the person".
- Cognitive Bias
Confirmation Bias
The tendency to search for, interpret, and recall information that confirms one's pre-existing beliefs while giving less attention to information that contradicts them.
- Cognitive Bias
Dunning-Kruger Effect
When people with low ability in a specific area overestimate their ability, while experts tend to underestimate their abilities.
- Cognitive Bias
Sunk Cost Fallacy
Continuing a behavior or endeavor due to previously invested resources (time, money, effort) despite new evidence suggesting it's no longer worthwhile.